Asthma Attack: How to Recognise and Respond
Recognizing the Signs of an Asthma Attack
Wheezing
A whistling sound while breathing – particularly when exhaling – is a common sign of an asthma attack.
Chronic Coughing
Coughing that does not go away, particularly at night or in the early morning, may be a sign that an asthma attack is about to happen.
Shortness of Breath
Shortness of breath or trouble breathing – even when resting – is one of the primary signs of an asthma flare-up.
Chest Tightness
Most people describe this as a squeezing or heavy feeling in the chest, like a tight band around it.
Rapid Breathing
When the person starts breathing more rapidly than usual, it usually means their body is exerting more effort into forcing air in and out.
Difficulty Speaking
More severe attacks usually have the person having difficulty speaking complete sentences because they are unable to breathe.
What to Do During an Asthma Attack
Keep Calm
Try to stay calm yourself and ask the person to stay calm too. Panic will probably make breathing even more difficult.
Use a Reliever Inhaler
Ask the person to use their reliever inhaler – like Ventolin (Salbutamol) – as directed. If they're struggling, help them use it properly.
Help Them Sit Upright
Standing up could ease breathing, so help them sit up straight and comfortably.
Loosen Tight Clothing
If their clothes are tight across the chest or neck, help loosen them to allow for easier breathing.
Monitor Closely for Symptoms
Monitor their condition closely. If their symptoms get worse or do not get better within a few minutes of using the inhaler, don't delay – call for help immediately.
Call Emergency Assistance
If there is no change, or if the person is struggling to speak or blue lips or fingers are showing (which means they do not have enough oxygen), then call 999 straight away.
Aftercare and Follow-Up
Once things are under control again, it is well worth checking up with a GP or asthma nurse. They can talk over what went wrong, alter medication if needed, and look for any triggers that might have caused the attack – which can be a very big step in the right direction towards stopping its return.
Understanding how to recognize an asthma attack and knowing exactly what to do can be a lifesaver. By staying calm, giving medication in time, getting the person comfortable, and calling for help if necessary, you are actually making a difference. With proper knowledge and preparation, asthma attacks can be controlled effectively – keeping people with asthma safe, healthy, and active.
