Asthma Triggers: How to Identify and Avoid Them for Better Health

Common Asthma Triggers

1. Allergens

Some of the most common asthma triggers are allergens – something you might be breathing in without even realizing it. These include:

•  Pet dander – tiny pieces of cat and dog skin and other furry animal skin
• Tree pollen, grass pollen, and weed pollen – especially at hay fever season
• Dust mites, which live in bedding, carpets, and soft furnishings
• Mould spores, which are present in high numbers in damp or stagnant areas

If you are allergic to one or more of these, a small amount can make your asthma worse.

2. Irritants in the Air

Even if you’re not allergic, some things in the air can irritate your airways and make your asthma worse. These include:

• Perfumes or heavily scented products
• Air pollution, especially near busy roads
• Tobacco smoke – whether you’re a smoker or just around it
• Strong chemical smells from cleaning products, paint, or aerosols

Try to keep your environment as fresh and well-ventilated as possible.

3. Colds and Flu

Viral infections, such as the common cold or flu, are a frequent cause of asthma attacks. They lead to inflammation of the airways, making it harder to breathe. If you have asthma, it's especially worth looking after your immune system – and getting a flu jab annually.

4. Physical Activity

Exercise is great for your health, but it triggers asthma symptoms for some – especially cold or dry air. This is exercise-induced bronchoconstriction or exercise-induced asthma. Warming up first and using a reliever inhaler as advised by your GP can often help sort this out.

5. Weather Changes

Sudden weather shifts are an issue at times as well. Chilly air, dense humidity, or a dramatic shift in temperature could tighten up your airway passages. When it's cold outside, tying a scarf across your nose and mouth will help warm the air first before breathing it in.